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<<The>> Routledge Handbook ...

<> Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology

Fricker, Miranda,

Graham, Peter J.,

Henderson, David,

Pedersen, Nikolaj J. L. L. (1978-),

Wyatt, J. (Jeremy),

ROUTLEDGE 2018

Edited by an international team of leading scholars, The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology is the first major reference work devoted to this growing field. The Handbook's 46 chapters, all appearing in print here for the first time, and written by philosophers and social theorists from around the world, are organized into eight main parts: Historical Backgrounds The Epistemology of Testimony Disagreement, Diversity, and Relativism Science and Social Epistemology The Epistemology of Groups Feminist Epistemology The Epistemology of Democracy Further Horizons for Social Epistemology With lists of references after each chapter and a comprehensive index, this volume will prove to be the definitive guide to the burgeoning interdisciplinary field of social epistemology

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monografia Rebiun38920786 https://catalogo.rebiun.org/rebiun/record/Rebiun38920786 m d cr#||||||||||| 190724s2018 xx o 000 0 eng d 1-317-51147-6 1-315-71793-X 1-317-51148-4 10.4324/9781315717937 doi CBUC 991013485471406708 OCoLC-P eng OCoLC-P PHI 000000 bisacsh HPK bicssc 121 23 306.42 <> Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology Handbook of social epistemology Social epistemology 1st ed [S.l.] ROUTLEDGE 2018 [S.l.] [S.l.] ROUTLEDGE 1 online resource (513 pages) 1 online resource (513 pages) Text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Routledge handbooks in philosophy Includes bibliographical references and index Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of contributors -- Introduction -- PART I: Historical Backgrounds to Social Epistemology -- 1. On the Background of Social Epistemology -- References -- 2. The What, Why, and How of Social Epistemology -- What Is Social Epistemology? -- Why Is Interpersonal Social Epistemology Needed? -- How Important Is Collective Social Epistemology? -- How Useful Is Institutional Social Epistemology? -- The Methods of Social Epistemology: Present and Future -- Notes -- References -- 3. The Twin Roots and Branches of Social Epistemology -- Analytic Social Epistemology: The Naturalist and Reliabilist Turns -- Analytic Social Epistemology: The Social Turn -- Science-Oriented Social Epistemology -- Social Epistemology and the "New Social Movements" -- Critical Social Epistemology -- Elements of Fuller's Social Epistemology -- In Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- 4. The Philosophical Origins of Classical Sociology of Knowledge -- Saint-Simon: Social Theory vs. "Reason" -- German Idealism -- Marx -- Neo-Kantianism -- Mannheim's Synthesis -- References -- Additional Readings -- 5. Kuhn and the History of Science -- Kuhn's Historical Work -- The Historical School of Philosophy of Science -- The History of Science in Science Textbooks -- Relations between History and Philosophy of Science -- The Historical or Evolutionary Perspective -- The Social Dimensions of Science -- Kuhn's Influence on the Social Epistemology of Science -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Archival Material -- Further Reading -- 6. The Naturalized Turn in Epistemology: Engineering for Truth-Seeking -- Introduction -- Naturalized vs. Traditional Epistemology -- Why Naturalize Epistemology? -- Engineering and Normativity -- Engineering Epistemology in Practice -- Conclusion -- Related Topics References -- Further Reading -- PART II: The Epistemology of Testimony -- 7. Counterexamples to Testimonial Transmission -- Counterexamples to Sufficiency -- Counterexamples to Necessity -- Some Critical Reactions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 8. Trust and Reputation as Filtering Mechanisms of Knowledge -- Introduction: The Social Sciences Strike Back -- How Do We Trust? -- The Pragmatics of Trust -- Reputation as an Epistemic Tool -- Conclusions -- Notes -- 9. Socially Distributed Cognition and the Epistemology of Testimony -- Introduction -- The Personalist Requirement -- Problems with aFocus on Personal Pathways of Testimonial Transmission -- Lack of Sensitivity to the Properties and Attributes of Transmitters of Testimony -- Lack of Sensitivity to the Properties and Attributes of Socially Distributed Systems of Information Transmission -- One Way of Overcoming the Personalist Requirement: Abandoning the Individual as Knowledge-Bearer -- Modest Social Epistemology -- References -- 10. Assurance Views of Testimony -- What Is the Assurance View? -- Assurance as Epistemic Responsibility-Taking -- Assurance as Person-to-Person Responsibility-Taking -- The Challenge to Assurance Views -- Notes -- References -- 11. Testimonial Knowledge: Understanding the Evidential, Uncovering the Interpersonal -- Introduction -- Testimony as Evidence -- Testimony Provides Interpersonal Reasons for Belief -- Conclusion- The Philosophical Import of Child Learners -- References -- 12. The Epistemology of Expertise -- Introduction -- Experts and Testimonial Knowledge -- Recognizing Expertise -- Social Epistemology of Expertise -- Conclusion -- References -- 13. Moral Testimony -- Introduction -- What Is Moral Testimony? -- How Bad Is Moral Testimony? -- 'Dismissive' Explanations -- 'Ambitious' Explanations -- Notes -- References 14. Testimony and Grammatical Evidentials -- Introduction -- Evidentiality -- Testimony as Source -- Testimony-Based Beliefs -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- PART III: Disagreement, Diversity, and Relativism -- 15. Epistemic Disagreement, Diversity and Relativism -- From Diversity to Disagreement to Relativism: Ethics and Epistemology -- 'No Neutrality, Therefore Relativism' -- A 'Possibilist' Variation -- Diversity, Framework Circularity and Relativism -- A New Argument from Diversity to Relativism -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 16. The Epistemic Significance of Diversity -- Introduction -- Distribution of Research Efforts -- Critical Contextual Empiricism -- Feminist Standpoint Empiricism -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further reading -- 17. Epistemic Relativism -- What Is Epistemic Relativism? -- The Argument from Epistemic Disagreement -- Epistemic Incommensurability -- Alternative Explanations -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 18. Epistemic Peer Disagreement -- The Epistemic Significance of Perceived Peer Disagreement -- Conformism Vs. Non-Conformism -- Variations -- Assessing the Views -- Disagreement and Varieties of Rationality -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 19. Religious Diversity and Disagreement -- Introduction -- Epistemological Puzzles of Disagreement -- Religious Disagreement -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 20. Epistemology without Borders: Epistemological Thought Experiments and Intuitions in Cross-Cultural Contexts -- The Continuity of Epistemological Thought Experiments across Cultures -- Cross-Cultural Epistemology and the Sociohistorical Approach to Variations in Epistemic Intuitions -- Intuitions -- The Potential for Experimental Contributions to Cross-Cultural Epistemology Has Cultural Variation Been Demonstrated by Experimental Epistemology? -- Conclusion -- Annex -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- PART IV: Science and Social Epistemology -- 21. Overview: On Science and Social Epistemology -- References -- 22. The Sociology of Science and Social Constructivism -- A"New" Sociology of Scientific Knowledge -- Social Constructivism -- Constructivism and the Science Wars -- The Constructivist's Dilemma -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- 23. The Social Epistemology of Consensus and Dissent -- When Does a Consensus Exist? -- When Is Consensus Knowledge-Based or Epistemically Justified? -- Aiming for Consensus, Dealing with Dissent -- Computer Simulations of Consensus and Dissent Formation -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 24. Modeling Epistemic Communities -- Introduction -- The Invisible Hand in Science: From Individual Irrationality to Collective Rationality -- Extending Kitcher's Approach -- Theory Choice in Epistemic Networks -- Opinion Dynamics -- Diversity and Collaboration -- Conclusion: What Can Philosophers Learn from Models? -- Notes -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 25. Feminist Philosophy of Science as Social Epistemology -- Introduction -- Longino's Contextual Empiricism -- Feminist Empiricist Holism -- Standpoint Theory -- Extending Feminist Epistemology: Individuals and Communities of Knowers -- Notes -- References -- Suggestions for Further Reading: -- PART V: The Epistemology of Groups -- 26. The Epistemology of Groups -- Introduction -- Groups -- Group Belief -- The Justification of Group Belief -- Group Knowledge -- Group Epistemic Virtue -- Group Rationality and Objectivity -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 27. Group Belief and Knowledge -- Introduction -- Rejecting the Summative View -- The Commitment Model -- The Distributed Model Some Key Issues in Understanding Group Belief and Knowledge -- References -- Further reading -- 28. The Reflexive Social Epistemology of Human Rights -- An Epistemic Argument against the Different Good Objection -- Why Understandings of Human Rights are Subject to Revision -- A Deeper Epistemic Injustice: Unjust Deprivation of Opportunities for Developing an Accurate Understanding of One's Own Interests and the Threats to Them -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- PART VI: Feminist Epistemology -- 29. Feminist Epistemology -- Introduction -- The Historical Development of Feminist Epistemology and Its Situated Approach -- Epistemic Dependencies Between Knowers -- Cultural Dependencies within Knowledge Production -- Social Analyses of Objectivity -- Note -- References -- Further Readings -- 30. Race and Gender and Epistemologies of Ignorance -- Note -- References -- Further Readings -- 31. Implicit Bias and Prejudice -- Good Epistemic Practice -- Epistemic Benefits of Implicit Bias? -- Improving Epistemic Practice -- Challenges for Philosophers -- Notes -- References -- 32. Epistemic Justice and Injustice -- Testimonial Injustice and the Epistemology of Testimony -- Toward aBroader Understanding of Testimonial Injustice -- Hermeneutical Injustice -- Toward aBroader Understanding of Hermeneutical Injustice -- Epistemic Injustices and Social Epistemic Harm -- Overcoming Epistemic Injustices: Virtue-Theoretical Responses -- Institutional Reform and Structural Change -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 33. Standpoint Then and Now -- Social Situatedness, Epistemic Privilege and Inversion -- From Marxist Beginnings to aPluralist Present -- The Continued Fruitfulness of Standpoint -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading 34. Sympathetic Knowledge and the Scientific Attitude: Classic Pragmatist Resources for Feminist Social Epistemology Edited by an international team of leading scholars, The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology is the first major reference work devoted to this growing field. The Handbook's 46 chapters, all appearing in print here for the first time, and written by philosophers and social theorists from around the world, are organized into eight main parts: Historical Backgrounds The Epistemology of Testimony Disagreement, Diversity, and Relativism Science and Social Epistemology The Epistemology of Groups Feminist Epistemology The Epistemology of Democracy Further Horizons for Social Epistemology With lists of references after each chapter and a comprehensive index, this volume will prove to be the definitive guide to the burgeoning interdisciplinary field of social epistemology Social epistemology Epistemologia genètica. Llibres electrònics. Fricker, Miranda editor Graham, Peter J. editor Henderson, David editor Pedersen, Nikolaj J. L. L. 1978-) editor Wyatt, J. Jeremy) editor 1-138-85851-X Routledge handbooks in philosophy

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monografia Rebiun38920786 https://catalogo.rebiun.org/rebiun/record/Rebiun38920786 m d cr#||||||||||| 190724s2018 xx o 000 0 eng d 1-317-51147-6 1-315-71793-X 1-317-51148-4 10.4324/9781315717937 doi CBUC 991013485471406708 OCoLC-P eng OCoLC-P PHI 000000 bisacsh HPK bicssc 121 23 306.42 <> Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology Handbook of social epistemology Social epistemology 1st ed [S.l.] ROUTLEDGE 2018 [S.l.] [S.l.] ROUTLEDGE 1 online resource (513 pages) 1 online resource (513 pages) Text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Routledge handbooks in philosophy Includes bibliographical references and index Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of contributors -- Introduction -- PART I: Historical Backgrounds to Social Epistemology -- 1. On the Background of Social Epistemology -- References -- 2. The What, Why, and How of Social Epistemology -- What Is Social Epistemology? -- Why Is Interpersonal Social Epistemology Needed? -- How Important Is Collective Social Epistemology? -- How Useful Is Institutional Social Epistemology? -- The Methods of Social Epistemology: Present and Future -- Notes -- References -- 3. The Twin Roots and Branches of Social Epistemology -- Analytic Social Epistemology: The Naturalist and Reliabilist Turns -- Analytic Social Epistemology: The Social Turn -- Science-Oriented Social Epistemology -- Social Epistemology and the "New Social Movements" -- Critical Social Epistemology -- Elements of Fuller's Social Epistemology -- In Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- 4. The Philosophical Origins of Classical Sociology of Knowledge -- Saint-Simon: Social Theory vs. "Reason" -- German Idealism -- Marx -- Neo-Kantianism -- Mannheim's Synthesis -- References -- Additional Readings -- 5. Kuhn and the History of Science -- Kuhn's Historical Work -- The Historical School of Philosophy of Science -- The History of Science in Science Textbooks -- Relations between History and Philosophy of Science -- The Historical or Evolutionary Perspective -- The Social Dimensions of Science -- Kuhn's Influence on the Social Epistemology of Science -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Archival Material -- Further Reading -- 6. The Naturalized Turn in Epistemology: Engineering for Truth-Seeking -- Introduction -- Naturalized vs. Traditional Epistemology -- Why Naturalize Epistemology? -- Engineering and Normativity -- Engineering Epistemology in Practice -- Conclusion -- Related Topics References -- Further Reading -- PART II: The Epistemology of Testimony -- 7. Counterexamples to Testimonial Transmission -- Counterexamples to Sufficiency -- Counterexamples to Necessity -- Some Critical Reactions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 8. Trust and Reputation as Filtering Mechanisms of Knowledge -- Introduction: The Social Sciences Strike Back -- How Do We Trust? -- The Pragmatics of Trust -- Reputation as an Epistemic Tool -- Conclusions -- Notes -- 9. Socially Distributed Cognition and the Epistemology of Testimony -- Introduction -- The Personalist Requirement -- Problems with aFocus on Personal Pathways of Testimonial Transmission -- Lack of Sensitivity to the Properties and Attributes of Transmitters of Testimony -- Lack of Sensitivity to the Properties and Attributes of Socially Distributed Systems of Information Transmission -- One Way of Overcoming the Personalist Requirement: Abandoning the Individual as Knowledge-Bearer -- Modest Social Epistemology -- References -- 10. Assurance Views of Testimony -- What Is the Assurance View? -- Assurance as Epistemic Responsibility-Taking -- Assurance as Person-to-Person Responsibility-Taking -- The Challenge to Assurance Views -- Notes -- References -- 11. Testimonial Knowledge: Understanding the Evidential, Uncovering the Interpersonal -- Introduction -- Testimony as Evidence -- Testimony Provides Interpersonal Reasons for Belief -- Conclusion- The Philosophical Import of Child Learners -- References -- 12. The Epistemology of Expertise -- Introduction -- Experts and Testimonial Knowledge -- Recognizing Expertise -- Social Epistemology of Expertise -- Conclusion -- References -- 13. Moral Testimony -- Introduction -- What Is Moral Testimony? -- How Bad Is Moral Testimony? -- 'Dismissive' Explanations -- 'Ambitious' Explanations -- Notes -- References 14. Testimony and Grammatical Evidentials -- Introduction -- Evidentiality -- Testimony as Source -- Testimony-Based Beliefs -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- PART III: Disagreement, Diversity, and Relativism -- 15. Epistemic Disagreement, Diversity and Relativism -- From Diversity to Disagreement to Relativism: Ethics and Epistemology -- 'No Neutrality, Therefore Relativism' -- A 'Possibilist' Variation -- Diversity, Framework Circularity and Relativism -- A New Argument from Diversity to Relativism -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 16. The Epistemic Significance of Diversity -- Introduction -- Distribution of Research Efforts -- Critical Contextual Empiricism -- Feminist Standpoint Empiricism -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Further reading -- 17. Epistemic Relativism -- What Is Epistemic Relativism? -- The Argument from Epistemic Disagreement -- Epistemic Incommensurability -- Alternative Explanations -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 18. Epistemic Peer Disagreement -- The Epistemic Significance of Perceived Peer Disagreement -- Conformism Vs. Non-Conformism -- Variations -- Assessing the Views -- Disagreement and Varieties of Rationality -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 19. Religious Diversity and Disagreement -- Introduction -- Epistemological Puzzles of Disagreement -- Religious Disagreement -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 20. Epistemology without Borders: Epistemological Thought Experiments and Intuitions in Cross-Cultural Contexts -- The Continuity of Epistemological Thought Experiments across Cultures -- Cross-Cultural Epistemology and the Sociohistorical Approach to Variations in Epistemic Intuitions -- Intuitions -- The Potential for Experimental Contributions to Cross-Cultural Epistemology Has Cultural Variation Been Demonstrated by Experimental Epistemology? -- Conclusion -- Annex -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- PART IV: Science and Social Epistemology -- 21. Overview: On Science and Social Epistemology -- References -- 22. The Sociology of Science and Social Constructivism -- A"New" Sociology of Scientific Knowledge -- Social Constructivism -- Constructivism and the Science Wars -- The Constructivist's Dilemma -- Conclusion -- References -- Further Reading -- 23. The Social Epistemology of Consensus and Dissent -- When Does a Consensus Exist? -- When Is Consensus Knowledge-Based or Epistemically Justified? -- Aiming for Consensus, Dealing with Dissent -- Computer Simulations of Consensus and Dissent Formation -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 24. Modeling Epistemic Communities -- Introduction -- The Invisible Hand in Science: From Individual Irrationality to Collective Rationality -- Extending Kitcher's Approach -- Theory Choice in Epistemic Networks -- Opinion Dynamics -- Diversity and Collaboration -- Conclusion: What Can Philosophers Learn from Models? -- Notes -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 25. Feminist Philosophy of Science as Social Epistemology -- Introduction -- Longino's Contextual Empiricism -- Feminist Empiricist Holism -- Standpoint Theory -- Extending Feminist Epistemology: Individuals and Communities of Knowers -- Notes -- References -- Suggestions for Further Reading: -- PART V: The Epistemology of Groups -- 26. The Epistemology of Groups -- Introduction -- Groups -- Group Belief -- The Justification of Group Belief -- Group Knowledge -- Group Epistemic Virtue -- Group Rationality and Objectivity -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 27. Group Belief and Knowledge -- Introduction -- Rejecting the Summative View -- The Commitment Model -- The Distributed Model Some Key Issues in Understanding Group Belief and Knowledge -- References -- Further reading -- 28. The Reflexive Social Epistemology of Human Rights -- An Epistemic Argument against the Different Good Objection -- Why Understandings of Human Rights are Subject to Revision -- A Deeper Epistemic Injustice: Unjust Deprivation of Opportunities for Developing an Accurate Understanding of One's Own Interests and the Threats to Them -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- PART VI: Feminist Epistemology -- 29. Feminist Epistemology -- Introduction -- The Historical Development of Feminist Epistemology and Its Situated Approach -- Epistemic Dependencies Between Knowers -- Cultural Dependencies within Knowledge Production -- Social Analyses of Objectivity -- Note -- References -- Further Readings -- 30. Race and Gender and Epistemologies of Ignorance -- Note -- References -- Further Readings -- 31. Implicit Bias and Prejudice -- Good Epistemic Practice -- Epistemic Benefits of Implicit Bias? -- Improving Epistemic Practice -- Challenges for Philosophers -- Notes -- References -- 32. Epistemic Justice and Injustice -- Testimonial Injustice and the Epistemology of Testimony -- Toward aBroader Understanding of Testimonial Injustice -- Hermeneutical Injustice -- Toward aBroader Understanding of Hermeneutical Injustice -- Epistemic Injustices and Social Epistemic Harm -- Overcoming Epistemic Injustices: Virtue-Theoretical Responses -- Institutional Reform and Structural Change -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading -- 33. Standpoint Then and Now -- Social Situatedness, Epistemic Privilege and Inversion -- From Marxist Beginnings to aPluralist Present -- The Continued Fruitfulness of Standpoint -- Notes -- References -- Further Reading 34. Sympathetic Knowledge and the Scientific Attitude: Classic Pragmatist Resources for Feminist Social Epistemology Edited by an international team of leading scholars, The Routledge Handbook of Social Epistemology is the first major reference work devoted to this growing field. The Handbook's 46 chapters, all appearing in print here for the first time, and written by philosophers and social theorists from around the world, are organized into eight main parts: Historical Backgrounds The Epistemology of Testimony Disagreement, Diversity, and Relativism Science and Social Epistemology The Epistemology of Groups Feminist Epistemology The Epistemology of Democracy Further Horizons for Social Epistemology With lists of references after each chapter and a comprehensive index, this volume will prove to be the definitive guide to the burgeoning interdisciplinary field of social epistemology Social epistemology Epistemologia genètica. Llibres electrònics. Fricker, Miranda editor Graham, Peter J. editor Henderson, David editor Pedersen, Nikolaj J. L. L. 1978-) editor Wyatt, J. Jeremy) editor 1-138-85851-X Routledge handbooks in philosophy